): The "perfect" balance where all fuel and air are consumed. Too much fuel; this is what usually causes black smoke . Lean ( ): Too much air; a reading of 1.42 is extremely lean. The "Black Smoke" Contradiction
Restricts air intake, forcing a rich mixture.
If fuel injectors are "streaming" liquid fuel instead of a fine mist, the fuel won't burn properly, causing black smoke even if the overall air-fuel ratio seems reasonable. Common Causes of Black Smoke
A leak near the sensor can pull in outside air, tricking the sensor into reading lean ( ) while the engine is actually over-fueling.
), even though unburnt fuel particles are visible as black smoke.
) measures the ratio of the actual air-fuel mixture to the ideal (stoichiometric) mixture. Stoichiometric (
Smoke 1.42 — Exhaust Pipe Black
): The "perfect" balance where all fuel and air are consumed. Too much fuel; this is what usually causes black smoke . Lean ( ): Too much air; a reading of 1.42 is extremely lean. The "Black Smoke" Contradiction
Restricts air intake, forcing a rich mixture.
If fuel injectors are "streaming" liquid fuel instead of a fine mist, the fuel won't burn properly, causing black smoke even if the overall air-fuel ratio seems reasonable. Common Causes of Black Smoke
A leak near the sensor can pull in outside air, tricking the sensor into reading lean ( ) while the engine is actually over-fueling.
), even though unburnt fuel particles are visible as black smoke.
) measures the ratio of the actual air-fuel mixture to the ideal (stoichiometric) mixture. Stoichiometric (
