Analyzing thin films in semiconductors, solar panels, and lithium-ion batteries to optimize performance.

XRD is a primarily used to study crystalline materials . It relies on the fact that X-ray wavelengths are similar to the distance between atoms in a crystal lattice—roughly 0.1 to 10 nanometers.

Researchers are increasingly using XRD to monitor structural changes in real-time during chemical reactions, heating, or cooling. Key Applications XRD imaging is indispensable across various industries: Primary Use Cases Pharmaceuticals