: Manufacturers like Volkswagen and partners of Tesla (such as Stellantis, Ford, and Toyota) purchase credits to meet strict regulatory emission targets and avoid fines.

: Despite having lower direct emissions, financial institutions and service firms are intensive users of voluntary offsets to boost environmental claims and attract ESG-conscious investors. Carbon credits: A crucial tool for climate action - Agreena

Major corporations are the primary drivers of demand, particularly those with "hard-to-abate" emissions—sectors where complete decarbonization is currently technologically or economically unfeasible.

The purchase of carbon credits is driven by two distinct market environments: the , where participation is legally mandated by governments to meet emission caps, and the Voluntary Market , where companies and individuals buy credits to satisfy sustainability goals. 1. Corporate Buyers by Industry