: Allowing one class (a child) to inherit the properties and methods of another (a parent), which reduces code duplication.

: Hiding complex implementation details and only showing the essential features of an object. What is the point of object oriented PHP? - Treehouse

To get started with object-oriented PHP, you need to understand these five fundamental building blocks:

: Grouping related data and methods into a single unit (the class) and restricting direct access to some of an object's components.