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The etiology of hallux valgus is multifactorial, involving genetic predisposition, structural anatomical issues, and environmental factors (footwear).

Measured using the longitudinal axes of the first metatarsal and proximal phalanx. 4. Management Strategies Download Hallux valgus pdf

Patients typically present with pain over the medial bony prominence (bunion), worsened by footwear pressure, and sometimes associated with bursitis. Radiographic Metrics (Weight-bearing): Hallux Valgus Angle (HVA): Normal 40∘is greater than 40 raised to the composed with power Intermetatarsal Angle (IMA): Normal <9∘is less than 9 raised to the composed with power (between 1st and 2nd metatarsal shafts). The etiology of hallux valgus is multifactorial, involving

Hallux Valgus: A Comprehensive Review of Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment 4.1. Conservative Treatment

The deformity starts with a medial deviation of the first metatarsal head, followed by valgus deformity of the proximal phalanx, and a lateral shift of the sesamoids.

Treatment depends on symptom severity rather than the magnitude of the deformity alone. 4.1. Conservative Treatment